Kinanthropometry is a newly emerging research specialization. It is a study which emphasizes on the proportion, structure, size, human maturation, and gross motor function to understand the benefits of human development, exercise, performance, and nutrition for medicine, education, and government in the service of humanity with respect to individual rights. Since athletic success depends heavily on proportionality for a given sport, the function of kinanthropometry is significant as it allows us to consider about the physical dimension by comparing two aspects and then determine the relative importance of the body dimensions. A better and in-depth understanding of kinanthropometric measures will help in enlisting the importance of various structures of the body along with their characteristic features to suggest athletes in specific sports with a functional advantage. A better understanding will help both the athlete and the coach to work in a more defined and specific direction.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is an endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age group leading to anovulation and infertility. Lifestyle modification is the first line of treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an aerobic type with high and low tempo cycles of exercise. This review is based on current evidences on High intensity interval training among PCOS women and cumulative dosage of high intensity interval training to enable a maximum therapeutic effect. The current dosage of high intensity interval training has shown effective to augment the reproductive, mental, physical changes reducing the cardiovascular risks and improving the quality of life among PCOS women.

Background: One of the strategic plans of Saudi Arabia's vision for 2030 is the quality-of-life program which calls for increasing the number of people undertaking regular physical activity (PA) from 13% to 40%. The Ministry of Sports and the Saudi Sports for all Federation are key organizations toward achieving the target. Motivation is pivotal to initiating and maintaining PA. Thus, the Saudi Society of Emergency Medicine (SASEM) organized a 5k run race during their annual international scientific conference in February 2022, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, to motivate PA among health-care workers (HCWs). Purpose: We aim to assess the effect of running a 5k race that was organized in association with a health-care event on the level of PA and motivation among participants. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study. The data were collected through a valid and reliable tool, the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS) questionnaire. It was distributed as an electronic survey through E-mail and messaging platform (WhatsApp) to all participants in the SASEM 5k run race. We collected sociodemographic data, PA levels of participants before and after the SASEM 5k run race, as well as the PALMS. PALMS is a valid and reliable assessment tool for PA motives, consisting of 40 items, with eight subscales: competition/ego, appearance, others' expectations, affiliation, physical condition, psychological condition, mastery, and enjoyment. All participants provided electronic consent, and participation in the study was voluntary and uncompensated. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS application. Results: One hundred and twenty-nine individuals participated in the survey (response rate: 38.5%). The final analysis included responses from HCWs only, which represented 68.2% of all responses (88). HCWs were divided into the following: physicians (55.7%), nurses (19.3%), emergency medical technicians (EMTs) (3.4%), other specialties (13.6%), and those retired from the medical field (8%). Participants working in emergency departments contributed 61.4% of the 88 responses. In the context of PA level in relation to (SASEM 5k), 59% increased their PA to be >10,000 steps, and 34% to be >300 min per week, in contrast to the time before the race (50% and 21%, respectively). Physical (90%) and psychological (79.6%) conditions were the most contributing factors to motivate PA. The EMTs (100%) and nurses (82.4%) were motivated by competition/ego. The appearance was not an important motivator for PA among the participants (86.4%). Physical and psychological conditions, others' expectations, and competition/ego were the motivators for emergency medicine (90.7%, 79.6%, 88.9%, and 63%, respectively). Conclusion: SASEM 5k run race successfully contributed to influencing the PA level. This might reflect the impact of a run race in conjunction with health-care events. We recommend organizing running races more frequently around various events to encourage people to maintain and increase PA throughout the year.

Introduction: Altitude training is an important integral part of long-distance running events. Understanding and safe implementation of various methods of acclimatization, periodization, and strength training at altitude is important for performance enhancement. Hence, the present study aimed to study high-altitude training effects on performance with well-organized strength and conditioning and periodization program in Indian elite long-distance runners. Methods: Ten elite Indian male athletes of long-distance event (5000 m/10,000 m) underwent 6 months of well-organized strength and conditioning program with linear and block periodization at altitude of 2240 m (6710 feet) above sea level. Statistical Analysis and Results: The mean height of 10 elite athletes was 171.9 ± 5.22 cm, weight was 57.7 ± 3.92 kg, and age was 24.6 ± 4.40 years. Pre and post 6 months of running performance were compared with Wilcoxon signed-rank test of 5000 m and 10,000 m with 0.98 and 0.87 large effect sizes, respectively. Conclusion: There was significant improvement in performance with reference to running time with proper monitor of training load at high altitude.

Introduction: Reaction time (RT) is a part of sports psychology. The reaction is a purposeful, voluntary response to various stimuli, including touch, visual, and aural inputs. The present study aims to identify which type of RT appears between visual reaction time (VRT) and auditory RT (ART) among various athletes. Methods: Forty university students both male and female students were randomly chosen as subjects. The average age of all subjects (male and female) was 21.02 years old. The collected data were scanned using Shapiro–Wilk and analyzed by a standard statistical measure (&#;T” value and “P” value for the level of significance). Results: The mean RT for the visual stimulus was 0.155 s and the mean value of the ART was 0.151 s. The result was that there was no statistically significant difference in RT between visual and auditory stimuli for the subjects. Conclusion: The researcher's investigation findings led to the following conclusion that the visible RT appears to be greater than the AR T of both male and female players in various events.